1. Vehicle Diesel Engine Electronic Control system development

Hyundai Motor gasoline and electrical control technology development background, that is, can not evade the face of the local and global environmental and energy issues, Hyundai Motor Diesel had to use and the development of electronic control systems, automotive diesel engines in order to maintain sustainable development, Give full play to the inherent advantages of diesel (low fuel consumption and low CO2 emissions). To maintain excellence in diesel engine fuel economy at the same time, in order to meet increasingly stringent emissions regulations, in addition to lower oil consumption, optimize the use of turbo technology and advanced emission after-treatment system, the main engine of the need to further improve Combustion process. And the impact of fuel injection system of diesel combustion process is the key link, use of micro-electromechanical control technology to improve the process of burning a lot of new technology, although some new technology and electronic control technology is no direct correlation, but because improved performance, Electronic technology and still have indirect contact.

Diesel Engine Electronic Control Technology and the development of the electrical control system similar to gasoline. Since the 1980s began to enter the market in Hyundai Motor Diesel Engine Electronic Control System With control of the project is also growing, control tasks from simple to complex, until the all-round control. For example, the early electronic-controlled fuel injection system used a "position control", maintaining the traditional pulse of high pressure fuel supply principle, only through a computer at the core of the control unit servo control institutions and change the fuel adjustment rack ( In-Line pump) or oil-conditioning Hua Tao (VE-distribution pump), the location of fuel pump to adjust the cycle for the (jet) fuel. However, due to servo institutions to implement the frequency response slow, low-frequency control, control accuracy of instability, after nearly 10 years of development, to the early 1990s, "Time control" electronically controlled fuel-injection system developed, using a powerful new high-speed Electromagnetic valve to replace the traditional oil-conditioning rack (inline pump) or oil-conditioning Hua Tao (VE-distribution pump), the high-pressure fuel directly to digital high-frequency adjustment, the electromagnetic valve closed by the time and duration of closure Decision cycle for the (jet) and for oil (spray) when the oil is. Nevertheless, this "time control" electronically controlled fuel-injection system has remained the traditional pulse of high pressure fuel supply principle. Until the mid-1990s, a new electronically controlled common-rail fuel-injection system available, to abandon the traditional pulse of high pressure fuel supply principle, a "time - pressure control" type of fuel metering principle, to the public through the hydraulic oil in the track Continuous control of the cylinder fuel injection process and the electromagnetic valve control to achieve a combination of the cycle for the (jet) fuel control, only to the engine electronically controlled fuel injection technology has entered a new stage of development.

Diesel Engine Electronic Control Technology also faced with many issues to be resolved, especially when using high-voltage-controlled fuel injection, the engine control system, the cost accounted for almost half the cost of the engine. Nevertheless, only in the car diesel engine on the widespread adoption of electronic control technology, in order to face more stringent emission regulations challenges. Diesel Engine Electronic Control System in recent years the development momentum is impressive. Diesel vehicles to use most of Europe as an example, as the European road vehicles with multi-cylinder diesel engine from the beginning of 2000 the implementation of the EU 3 emission standards, electronic control technology in the EU will need to meet three criteria on the widespread use of diesel engines, some research institutions and large The manufacturers have already started the development of emission standards for Euro 4 diesel engine's electronic control now, electronically controlled common-rail system and electronic control systems in single pump on the application of multi-cylinder diesel engine has increased significantly.

China's modern diesel engine electronic control technology research and development is still at the initial stage, is still mainly concentrated in the jet engine electronic control system on the research and development. However, as the socio-economic development, increasing environmental requirements, diesel electric control system of research and corresponding product development will surely become China's automotive diesel technology in the field of a hot, which will greatly promote China's automotive diesel product updates Updating, not for the next long period of time to participate in international competition, and lay a solid foundation.



2. Modern car engine electronic control system of new technologies

Time control of the diesel engine technology EFI EFI system uses a new generation of the time control, high-speed electromagnetic valve to replace the traditional mechanical spray valve, the digital high-pressure fuel regulation. This is now gradually to the high-pressure injection system of forward, high pressure water jet can atomized very small diesel engine combustion process to be very sound, and speed, while not significantly improve the combustion temperature. Increased pressure direct injection diesel engine, can not only reduce the overall HC, CO, NOx, and carbon particles of smoke emissions, but also significantly reduce fuel consumption.

EFI system in the Common Rail Diesel vehicles, high-speed operation of the diesel injection process only a few seconds per thousand, in the process of spraying high-pressure pipeline pressure around with time and location of the different and changing. As the compressibility of diesel and diesel high-pressure pipeline in the pressure fluctuations, so that the actual state of the fuel injector and fuel pump under the laws of supply plunger a greater difference. Tubing, sometimes the pressure fluctuations in the main jet, high-pressure tubing to the pressure rise again, to make the injector needle to open the pressure, the valve has been closed and reopened the secondary injection phenomenon, As the second injection can not be completely burning, so an increase of smoke and hydrocarbons (HC) emissions and increase fuel consumption. In addition, each spray cycle of high-pressure pipeline, after the residual pressure will be changed, then the jet caused instability, particularly in low-speed region prone to this phenomenon, not only when a serious injection uneven, it will not happen intermittent spray Phenomenon. Diesel fuel to address the shortcomings of the pressure changes, adopted a modern diesel engine called "common rail" technology.

It is the engine of a high-pressure injection system, the maximum pressure can reach 200 ~ 220 MPa. The system is no longer a universal principle of the pulse, but by the time pressure measurement principles. "Common Rail Injection" is the common high-pressure oil tank, and spray electromagnetic valve control to achieve a combination of fuel injection control. This fuel injection system can not guarantee injection pressure with a few changes to the engine, can reduce the particulate emissions, electric control spray, also known as common rail injection pressure of time or third-generation jet, which can be divided into the pressure common rail high-pressure common rail and Two categories. ECU the electrical pulse in order to trigger injector electromagnetic valve to determine each engine fuel injection and the closure of the initial moment, electronically controlled common-rail injection can be used repeatedly spray flexible way to control the rate of fuel injection. U.S., Japan, Germany, Italy and other countries have been mass production of EFI Common Rail system, which will on behalf of the future diesel engine fuel injection system of the mainstream. German Mercedes-Benz C200 sedan, the use of electronically controlled common rail injection system, its power, torque and emissions, and other indicators in the world's leading level. Computer control high-pressure common rail diesel injection system Figure 1.

Turbo diesel engine technology used in the cold exhaust turbocharger technology, to fuel combustion, can reduce the CO and HC of the generation. But Jin temperature increased, so that NOx emissions have increased, the use of pressure and with intercooler may also reduce the HC, CO, NOx emissions. In the cold by turbo diesel engine technology could also enhance the power, equipped with a turbo-diesel engine power output than not installed supercharger to increase 20 percent to 30 percent, while use of booster technology even in cold 50% of the power increase. New Turbocharger the use of means that can be used small engine displacement of large displacement of alternative engines, reducing engine and vehicle quality, improve the economy and emissions of.
A multi-valve technology could increase Multi-valve diesel engine into the air, so that a more thorough combustion of diesel, exhaust faster and more thoroughly, so as to enhance the engine's power output.

EGR technology to ensure it does not reduce engine power of the premise, according to the temperature and engine load size, amount to be part of the introduction of emissions into the trachea and then into the cylinder so that the combustion reaction slowed, reducing the maximum temperature combustion , To reduce NOx emissions. Especially in the cold EGR technology, not only to reduce NOx emissions, but also to maintain its low-emission pollution emission levels.

New clean up the diesel engine electronic control systems in foreign countries application rate has reached 60 percent to 90 percent. In the 1980s started on the market, the German company Bosch, the United States of GM Detroit Diesel Corporation, Japan Zexel and other companies have their products on the market. At present major companies competing to develop new products to meet the emission regulations and market requirements. Electronic diesel technology, the development of its technology to improve engine power from the economy, the biggest impetus from the international community increasingly stringent emissions regulations. Peugeot company recently developed a new type of diesel engine clean up systems, will open its flagship vehicles in recent years, the veil, when the number of car equipment in the engine, a 2.2 L of the HDI diesel engines will be fitted with a unique Breathing carbon filtration system. Peugeot - Citroen company said the technology in the HDI engine on the development of the new system can effectively overcome the problem of particulate emissions. The system enables HDI engine emissions are reduced by 20 percent of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide by 40 percent, hydrocarbons by 50 percent, while the particles can reduce the 60 per cent. Since the diesel engine was known since the advent of the greatest innovation. It is learnt that particulate filter system has been adopted by France and Germany the two countries approved the environmental sector, so that the technology has aroused the attention of Europe. A long time, the filter is considered resolved one way to diesel engine exhaust. New filters can HDI engine management system for the computer and sensors detect particles accumulated situation and timely switch will automatically trigger particles Shaojin. Such filtering devices in the next five years, if recognized by the market, it will be extended to all of Peugeot, Citroen diesel cars and light commercial vehicles on. Particulate traps on the performance of the original car has no impact. HDI engine work at the fuel consumption may rise 5 percent, but with similar engine performance has improved compared to 15 percent. This shows that the overall owners are still cost-effective. At present diesel vehicles in Europe sales grow at an annual rate of about one percent, if as the technology advances, more and more diesel vehicles acceptable to the majority of consumers, its sales will grow by 2 percent to 3 percent, and particulate filter system can speed up This process. According to statistics of diesel vehicles in Europe about the current number of passenger cars 25 percent. PSA particulate filter system will be first installed in the new Peugeot cars, sales have been weak for the renewal of the Peugeot 605 series. Equipped with the filtration system DWl2TED4 models for the 2.2 L engine, the output power of up to 110.4 kW, torque up to 315 N • m, than the current level of 2.5 L diesel engine performance okay.




3. Common Rail EFI technology is a new modern car engine development trend of

With cities around the world transport vehicles, vessels of the sharp increase in diesel engine exhaust emissions in the Earth's environment has become the main source of pollution. Countries in the world has begun to find and to take effective measures take the initiative to reduce and control the emission of pollutants. Common Rail Diesel Engine Electronic fuel injection technology is a more successful pollution control emissions from new technologies. Common Rail electronically controlled common-rail fuel injection technology, directly or indirectly, through the formation of the constant high-pressure fuel distribution to each injector and the help of integration in each injector on the high-speed electromagnetic switch the valve open and closed , Regular, quantitative control injector jet fuel to the engine combustion chamber, thus ensuring optimal combustion engine and good than the atomized, and the best time of the ignition, enough for at least the ignition energy and pollution emissions. Now the new technology in foreign countries have begun to diesel powered vehicles in use. This is the world automobile industry to meet increasingly stringent emission standards for the inevitable trend.

Common Rail Diesel Engine Electronic fuel injection technology is a new technology, because it integrates a computer-controlled technology, modern sensor detection technology and advanced fuel injection in a structure. The technology is the main characteristics: the application of advanced electronic control devices and switches with high-speed electromagnetic valve; way using common-rail fuel supply; high-speed high-frequency electromagnetic-off valves, control flexible system architecture for transplantation, to a wide range. This is hot technology research and development: high-pressure common rail system to solve the constant high-pressure sealing; solve the high-pressure common rail systems, Common Rail pressure on the tiny fluctuations caused by injection of uneven; solve the high-pressure common rail systems Multi-MAP (3-D control data sheet) optimization problem and solve the structure, frequency electromagnetic-off valve design and manufacturing process of the key technical problems. Common Rail fuel injection technology helps to reduce diesel exhaust emissions, and to improve the noise, fuel consumption, and other aspects of the comprehensive performance in environmental protection is conducive to the Earth at the same time, but will also promote the diesel engine industry, with the auto industry and The development of related industries.

Technology is high-pressure common rail pumps, pressure sensors and closed-loop system consisting of ECU, the pressure will spray and spray a completely separate from each other during a fuel supply, high-pressure pumps from the high-pressure fuel delivery to the public for the pipeline, Through the public for the oil pipeline to achieve precise control, high-pressure tubing pressure size has nothing to do with the engine speed, engine oil can greatly reduce the pressure on the engine speed changes, thereby reducing the shortcomings of the traditional diesel engine. ECU fuel injection control of the injector, depending on the size of the fuel injector rail (public for the pipeline) pressure and electromagnetic valve opened the length of time. Common Rail electronically controlled common-rail fuel injection technology, directly or indirectly, through the formation of the constant high-pressure fuel distribution to each injector and the help of integration in each injector on the high-speed electromagnetic switch the valve open and closed , Regular, quantitative control injector jet fuel to the engine combustion chamber, thus ensuring optimal combustion engine and good than the atomized, and the best time of the ignition, enough for at least the ignition energy and pollution emissions. Common Rail fuel injection devices are successfully developed in recent years and was considered to be the most ideal of a high-pressure fuel injection devices. In a shared orbit were generated pressure and spray. Injection pressure can be as high as 16 O MPa. Its pressure on memory and the rail splitter of the catheter to mouth. Controllers use the spray on a pulse of electromagnetic signals into valve caused a jet. Through the nozzle and open the storage pressure to regulate the duration of oil. At present, the various devices in the European automotive diesel engine has been widely used, and experts believe that this is a Europe able to meet future Ⅳ, Europe V the most potential for improvement of fuel injection devices. At the same time, reducing the nozzle diameter, to increase the number reduced-diameter nozzle, increasing number of holes, can improve fuel atomization and distribution uniformity and reduce fire lagged behind, and reduce particle emissions NO.

In recent years just commercialization of Common Rail fuel injection system to provide high pressure fuel injection, but will not be an abnormal control of the jet, but also effectively reduce noise and nitrogen oxides emissions. High-pressure common-rail fuel injection system of diesel technology is a revolution. Now the new technology in foreign countries have begun to diesel powered vehicles in use. This is the world automobile industry to meet increasingly stringent emission standards for the inevitable trend.

Bulky, noisy, smoky, it is the engine of the poor visual impression, coupled with the diesel engine is more complicated structure, and many people lack of understanding of the diesel engine, especially for modern art diesel lack of understanding, diesel vehicles in some cities Has become "the object of restrictions," face all kinds of discrimination. In fact, after years of research and new technology application, the status of the modern diesel engine with the past can not be the same metaphor, diesel cars in Europe generally, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, BMW, Renault, Volvo and other European brand-name cars have diesel engines Models. After years of study and application of modern diesel vehicles generally used EFI, common-rail, turbocharged in the cold, and other technical means, in weight, noise, smoke, and so has made a major breakthrough, reaching the level of gasoline engine .

EFI in diesel and gasoline engines in the main difference is that the gasoline engine is electronically controlled injection system controlled air-fuel ratio (the ratio of air and gasoline), diesel EFI system is by controlling the fuel injection time to adjust the size of output, And diesel fuel injection engine control by the speed and accelerator pedal position (drawbars throttle position) to decide. Therefore, the basic working principle is based on computer speed sensor and throttle position sensor input signal, first calculate the basic fuel injection quantity, and then under the water temperature, into the temperature, air pressure sensors that signal, and again from the set of control Location of the sensors that signal feedback, to determine the optimal amount of fuel injection.

Electronically controlled diesel injection system of sensors, ECU (computer) and the implementing agencies, and other components. Its task is to control the conduct of electronic fuel injection system, and the fuel injector and injection timing of the operation condition of the real-time control. Use of speed, temperature, pressure sensors, real-time detection of parameters simultaneously entered into the computer, and the parameters have been stored value, processed in accordance with the best value for calculating fuel pump, exhaust gas recirculation valve, preheat Cypriots, such as implementing agencies Control, drive fuel injection system, to achieve the best engine operational status.

As the world's urban transport vehicles sharp increase in diesel engine exhaust emissions in the Earth's environment has become the main source of pollution. Countries in the world has begun to find and to take effective measures take the initiative to reduce and control the emission of pollutants. Common Rail Diesel Engine Electronic fuel injection technology is a more successful pollution control emissions from new technologies.